NAME
    BusyBox - The Swiss Army Knife of Embedded Linux

SYNTAX
     busybox <applet> [arguments...]  # or

     <applet> [arguments...]          # if symlinked

DESCRIPTION
    BusyBox combines tiny versions of many common UNIX utilities into a
    single small executable. It provides minimalist replacements for most of
    the utilities you usually find in GNU coreutils, util-linux, etc. The
    utilities in BusyBox generally have fewer options than their
    full-featured GNU cousins; however, the options that are included
    provide the expected functionality and behave very much like their GNU
    counterparts.

    BusyBox has been written with size-optimization and limited resources in
    mind. It is also extremely modular so you can easily include or exclude
    commands (or features) at compile time. This makes it easy to customize
    your embedded systems. To create a working system, just add /dev, /etc,
    and a Linux kernel. BusyBox provides a fairly complete POSIX environment
    for any small or embedded system.

    BusyBox is extremely configurable. This allows you to include only the
    components you need, thereby reducing binary size. Run 'make config' or
    'make menuconfig' to select the functionality that you wish to enable.
    Then run 'make' to compile BusyBox using your configuration.

    After the compile has finished, you should use 'make install' to install
    BusyBox. This will install the 'bin/busybox' binary, in the target
    directory specified by CONFIG_PREFIX. CONFIG_PREFIX can be set when
    configuring BusyBox, or you can specify an alternative location at
    install time (i.e., with a command line like 'make
    CONFIG_PREFIX=/tmp/foo install'). If you enabled any applet installation
    scheme (either as symlinks or hardlinks), these will also be installed
    in the location pointed to by CONFIG_PREFIX.

USAGE
    BusyBox is a multi-call binary. A multi-call binary is an executable
    program that performs the same job as more than one utility program.
    That means there is just a single BusyBox binary, but that single binary
    acts like a large number of utilities. This allows BusyBox to be smaller
    since all the built-in utility programs (we call them applets) can share
    code for many common operations.

    You can also invoke BusyBox by issuing a command as an argument on the
    command line. For example, entering

            /bin/busybox ls

    will also cause BusyBox to behave as 'ls'.

    Of course, adding '/bin/busybox' into every command would be painful. So
    most people will invoke BusyBox using links to the BusyBox binary.

    For example, entering

            ln -s /bin/busybox ls
            ./ls

    will cause BusyBox to behave as 'ls' (if the 'ls' command has been
    compiled into BusyBox). Generally speaking, you should never need to
    make all these links yourself, as the BusyBox build system will do this
    for you when you run the 'make install' command.

    If you invoke BusyBox with no arguments, it will provide you with a list
    of the applets that have been compiled into your BusyBox binary.

COMMON OPTIONS
    Most BusyBox applets support the --help argument to provide a terse
    runtime description of their behavior. If the
    CONFIG_FEATURE_VERBOSE_USAGE option has been enabled, more detailed
    usage information will also be available.

COMMANDS
    Currently available applets include:

            [, [[, arp, arping, ash, awk, basename, blkid, cat, chmod, chown,
            chroot, clear, cmp, cp, crond, cut, date, dd, df, dirname, dmesg,
            dnsdomainname, du, e2label, echo, egrep, env, ether-wake, expr,
            fdisk, fgrep, find, flock, free, fsync, ftpget, ftpput, grep,
            gunzip, gzip, head, hostname, ifconfig, insmod, ionice, kill,
            killall, klogd, less, ln, logger, login, ls, lsmod, lsusb, md5sum,
            mkdir, mkdosfs, mkfifo, mkfs.vfat, mknod, mkswap, modprobe, more,
            mount, mv, nc, netstat, nice, nohup, nslookup, ntpd, pidof, ping,
            ping6, printf, ps, pscan, pwd, rm, rmdir, rmmod, route, sed,
            sendmail, seq, setconsole, sh, sleep, sort, strings, stty, swapoff,
            swapon, sync, syslogd, tail, tar, tee, telnet, telnetd, test, top,
            touch, tr, traceroute, traceroute6, true, udhcpc, umount, uname,
            unzip, uptime, usleep, vconfig, vi, watch, wc, wget, which, whois,
            zcat

COMMAND DESCRIPTIONS
    arp arp [-vn] [-H HWTYPE] [-i IF] -a [HOSTNAME] [-v] [-i IF] -d HOSTNAME
        [pub] [-v] [-H HWTYPE] [-i IF] -s HOSTNAME HWADDR [temp] [-v] [-H
        HWTYPE] [-i IF] -s HOSTNAME HWADDR [netmask MASK] pub [-v] [-H
        HWTYPE] [-i IF] -Ds HOSTNAME IFACE [netmask MASK] pub

        Manipulate ARP cache

                -a              Display (all) hosts
                -d              Delete ARP entry
                -s              Set new entry
                -v              Verbose
                -n              Don't resolve names
                -i IF           Network interface
                -D              Read HWADDR from IFACE
                -A,-p AF        Protocol family
                -H HWTYPE       Hardware address type

    arping
        arping [-fqbDUA] [-c CNT] [-w TIMEOUT] [-I IFACE] [-s SRC_IP] DST_IP

        Send ARP requests/replies

                -f              Quit on first ARP reply
                -q              Quiet
                -b              Keep broadcasting, don't go unicast
                -D              Exit with 1 if DST_IP replies
                -U              Unsolicited ARP mode, update your neighbors
                -A              ARP answer mode, update your neighbors
                -c N            Stop after sending N ARP requests
                -w TIMEOUT      Seconds to wait for ARP reply
                -I IFACE        Interface to use (default eth0)
                -s SRC_IP       Sender IP address
                DST_IP          Target IP address

    ash ash [-/+OPTIONS] [-/+o OPT]... [-c 'SCRIPT' [ARG0 [ARGS]] / FILE
        [ARGS]]

        Unix shell interpreter

    awk awk [OPTIONS] [AWK_PROGRAM] [FILE]...

                -v VAR=VAL      Set variable
                -F SEP          Use SEP as field separator
                -f FILE         Read program from FILE

    basename
        basename FILE [SUFFIX]

        Strip directory path and .SUFFIX from FILE

    blkid
        blkid [BLOCKDEV]...

        Print UUIDs of all filesystems

    cat cat [FILE]...

        Concatenate FILEs and print them to stdout

    chmod
        chmod [-R] MODE[,MODE]... FILE...

        Each MODE is one or more of the letters ugoa, one of the symbols +-=
        and one or more of the letters rwxst

                -R      Recurse

    chown
        chown [-Rh]... USER[:[GRP]] FILE...

        Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to USER and/or GRP

                -R      Recurse
                -h      Affect symlinks instead of symlink targets

    chroot
        chroot NEWROOT [PROG ARGS]

        Run PROG with root directory set to NEWROOT

    clear
        clear

        Clear screen

    cmp cmp [-l] [-s] FILE1 [FILE2]

        Compare FILE1 with FILE2 (or stdin)

                -l      Write the byte numbers (decimal) and values (octal)
                        for all differing bytes
                -s      Quiet

    cp  cp [OPTIONS] SOURCE... DEST

        Copy SOURCE(s) to DEST

                -a      Same as -dpR
                -R,-r   Recurse
                -d,-P   Preserve symlinks (default if -R)
                -L      Follow all symlinks
                -H      Follow symlinks on command line
                -p      Preserve file attributes if possible
                -f      Overwrite
                -i      Prompt before overwrite
                -l,-s   Create (sym)links
                -u      Copy only newer files

    crond
        crond -fbS -l N -L LOGFILE -c DIR

                -f      Foreground
                -b      Background (default)
                -S      Log to syslog (default)
                -l N    Set log level. Most verbose:0, default:8
                -L FILE Log to FILE
                -c DIR  Cron dir. Default:/var/spool/cron/crontabs

    cut cut [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

        Print selected fields from each input FILE to stdout

                -b LIST Output only bytes from LIST
                -c LIST Output only characters from LIST
                -d CHAR Use CHAR instead of tab as the field delimiter
                -s      Output only the lines containing delimiter
                -f N    Print only these fields
                -n      Ignored

    date
        date [OPTIONS] [+FMT] [TIME]

        Display time (using +FMT), or set time

                [-s,--set] TIME Set time to TIME
                -u,--utc        Work in UTC (don't convert to local time)
                -R,--rfc-2822   Output RFC-2822 compliant date string
                -I[SPEC]        Output ISO-8601 compliant date string
                                SPEC='date' (default) for date only,
                                'hours', 'minutes', or 'seconds' for date and
                                time to the indicated precision
                -r,--reference FILE     Display last modification time of FILE
                -d,--date TIME  Display TIME, not 'now'
                -D FMT          Use FMT for -d TIME conversion

        Recognized TIME formats:

                hh:mm[:ss]
                [YYYY.]MM.DD-hh:mm[:ss]
                YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm[:ss]
                [[[[[YY]YY]MM]DD]hh]mm[.ss]
                'date TIME' form accepts MMDDhhmm[[YY]YY][.ss] instead

    dd  dd [if=FILE] [of=FILE] [ibs=N] [obs=N] [bs=N] [count=N] [skip=N]
        [seek=N] [conv=notrunc|noerror|sync|fsync] [iflag=skip_bytes]

        Copy a file with converting and formatting

                if=FILE         Read from FILE instead of stdin
                of=FILE         Write to FILE instead of stdout
                bs=N            Read and write N bytes at a time
                ibs=N           Read N bytes at a time
                obs=N           Write N bytes at a time
                count=N         Copy only N input blocks
                skip=N          Skip N input blocks
                seek=N          Skip N output blocks
                conv=notrunc    Don't truncate output file
                conv=noerror    Continue after read errors
                conv=sync       Pad blocks with zeros
                conv=fsync      Physically write data out before finishing
                conv=swab       Swap every pair of bytes
                iflag=skip_bytes        skip=N is in bytes
                status=noxfer   Suppress rate output
                status=none     Suppress all output

        N may be suffixed by c (1), w (2), b (512), kB (1000), k (1024), MB,
        M, GB, G

    df  df [-PkmhT] [FILESYSTEM]...

        Print filesystem usage statistics

                -P      POSIX output format
                -k      1024-byte blocks (default)
                -m      1M-byte blocks
                -h      Human readable (e.g. 1K 243M 2G)
                -T      Print filesystem type

    dirname
        dirname FILENAME

        Strip non-directory suffix from FILENAME

    dmesg
        dmesg [-c] [-n LEVEL] [-s SIZE]

        Print or control the kernel ring buffer

                -c              Clear ring buffer after printing
                -n LEVEL        Set console logging level
                -s SIZE         Buffer size
                -r              Print raw message buffer

    du  du [-aHLdclsxhmk] [FILE]...

        Summarize disk space used for each FILE and/or directory

                -a      Show file sizes too
                -L      Follow all symlinks
                -H      Follow symlinks on command line
                -d N    Limit output to directories (and files with -a) of depth < N
                -c      Show grand total
                -l      Count sizes many times if hard linked
                -s      Display only a total for each argument
                -x      Skip directories on different filesystems
                -h      Sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 243M 2G)
                -m      Sizes in megabytes
                -k      Sizes in kilobytes (default)

    e2label
        e2label [-c MOUNT_CNT] [-i DAYS] [-L LABEL] BLOCKDEV

        Adjust filesystem options on ext[23] filesystems

    echo
        echo [-neE] [ARG]...

        Print the specified ARGs to stdout

                -n      Suppress trailing newline
                -e      Interpret backslash escapes (i.e., \t=tab)
                -E      Don't interpret backslash escapes (default)

    env env [-iu] [-] [name=value]... [PROG ARGS]

        Print the current environment or run PROG after setting up the
        specified environment

                -, -i   Start with an empty environment
                -u      Remove variable from the environment

    ether-wake
        ether-wake [-b] [-i IFACE] [-p aa:bb:cc:dd[:ee:ff]/a.b.c.d] MAC

        Send a magic packet to wake up sleeping machines. MAC must be a
        station address (00:11:22:33:44:55) or a hostname with a known
        'ethers' entry.

                -b              Broadcast the packet
                -i IFACE        Interface to use (default eth0)
                -p PASSWORD     Append four or six byte PASSWORD to the packet

    expr
        expr EXPRESSION

        Print the value of EXPRESSION to stdout

        EXPRESSION may be:

                ARG1 | ARG2     ARG1 if it is neither null nor 0, otherwise ARG2
                ARG1 & ARG2     ARG1 if neither argument is null or 0, otherwise 0
                ARG1 < ARG2     1 if ARG1 is less than ARG2, else 0. Similarly:
                ARG1 <= ARG2
                ARG1 = ARG2
                ARG1 != ARG2
                ARG1 >= ARG2
                ARG1 > ARG2
                ARG1 + ARG2     Sum of ARG1 and ARG2. Similarly:
                ARG1 - ARG2
                ARG1 * ARG2
                ARG1 / ARG2
                ARG1 % ARG2
                STRING : REGEXP         Anchored pattern match of REGEXP in STRING
                match STRING REGEXP     Same as STRING : REGEXP
                substr STRING POS LENGTH Substring of STRING, POS counted from 1
                index STRING CHARS      Index in STRING where any CHARS is found, or 0
                length STRING           Length of STRING
                quote TOKEN             Interpret TOKEN as a string, even if
                                        it is a keyword like 'match' or an
                                        operator like '/'
                (EXPRESSION)            Value of EXPRESSION

        Beware that many operators need to be escaped or quoted for shells.
        Comparisons are arithmetic if both ARGs are numbers, else
        lexicographical. Pattern matches return the string matched between
        \( and \) or null; if \( and \) are not used, they return the number
        of characters matched or 0.

    fdisk
        fdisk [-ul] [-C CYLINDERS] [-H HEADS] [-S SECTORS] [-b SSZ] DISK

        Change partition table

                -u              Start and End are in sectors (instead of cylinders)
                -l              Show partition table for each DISK, then exit
                -b 2048         (for certain MO disks) use 2048-byte sectors
                -C CYLINDERS    Set number of cylinders/heads/sectors
                -H HEADS
                -S SECTORS

    find
        find [-HL] [PATH]... [OPTIONS] [ACTIONS]

        Search for files and perform actions on them. First failed action
        stops processing of current file. Defaults: PATH is current
        directory, action is '-print'

                -L,-follow      Follow symlinks
                -H              ...on command line only

        Actions:

                ! ACT           Invert ACT's success/failure
                ACT1 [-a] ACT2  If ACT1 fails, stop, else do ACT2
                ACT1 -o ACT2    If ACT1 succeeds, stop, else do ACT2
                                Note: -a has higher priority than -o
                -name PATTERN   Match file name (w/o directory name) to PATTERN
                -iname PATTERN  Case insensitive -name
        If none of the following actions is specified, -print is assumed
                -print          Print file name
                -print0         Print file name, NUL terminated
                -exec CMD ARG ; Run CMD with all instances of {} replaced by
                                file name. Fails if CMD exits with nonzero

    flock
        flock [-sxun] FD|{FILE [-c] PROG ARGS}

        [Un]lock file descriptor, or lock FILE, run PROG

                -s      Shared lock
                -x      Exclusive lock (default)
                -u      Unlock FD
                -n      Fail rather than wait

    free
        free

        Display the amount of free and used system memory

    fsync
        fsync [-d] FILE...

        Write files' buffered blocks to disk

                -d      Avoid syncing metadata

    ftpget
        ftpget [OPTIONS] HOST [LOCAL_FILE] REMOTE_FILE

        Download a file via FTP

                -c      Continue previous transfer
                -v      Verbose
                -u USER Username
                -p PASS Password
                -P NUM  Port

    ftpput
        ftpput [OPTIONS] HOST [REMOTE_FILE] LOCAL_FILE

        Upload a file to a FTP server

                -v      Verbose
                -u USER Username
                -p PASS Password
                -P NUM  Port number

    grep
        grep [-HhnlLoqvsriwFE] [-m N] [-A/B/C N] PATTERN/-e PATTERN.../-f
        FILE [FILE]...

        Search for PATTERN in FILEs (or stdin)

                -H      Add 'filename:' prefix
                -h      Do not add 'filename:' prefix
                -n      Add 'line_no:' prefix
                -l      Show only names of files that match
                -L      Show only names of files that don't match
                -c      Show only count of matching lines
                -o      Show only the matching part of line
                -q      Quiet. Return 0 if PATTERN is found, 1 otherwise
                -v      Select non-matching lines
                -s      Suppress open and read errors
                -r      Recurse
                -i      Ignore case
                -w      Match whole words only
                -x      Match whole lines only
                -F      PATTERN is a literal (not regexp)
                -E      PATTERN is an extended regexp
                -m N    Match up to N times per file
                -A N    Print N lines of trailing context
                -B N    Print N lines of leading context
                -C N    Same as '-A N -B N'
                -e PTRN Pattern to match
                -f FILE Read pattern from file

    gunzip
        gunzip [-cft] [FILE]...

        Decompress FILEs (or stdin)

                -c      Write to stdout
                -f      Force
                -t      Test file integrity

    gzip
        gzip [-cfd] [FILE]...

        Compress FILEs (or stdin)

                -d      Decompress
                -c      Write to stdout
                -f      Force

    head
        head [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

        Print first 10 lines of each FILE (or stdin) to stdout. With more
        than one FILE, precede each with a filename header.

                -n N[kbm]       Print first N lines
                -n -N[kbm]      Print all except N last lines
                -c [-]N[kbm]    Print first N bytes
                -q              Never print headers
                -v              Always print headers

        N may be suffixed by k (x1024), b (x512), or m (x1024^2).

    hostname
        hostname [OPTIONS] [HOSTNAME | -F FILE]

        Get or set hostname or DNS domain name

                -s      Short
                -i      Addresses for the hostname
                -d      DNS domain name
                -f      Fully qualified domain name
                -F FILE Use FILE's content as hostname

    ifconfig
        ifconfig [-a] interface [address]

        Configure a network interface

                [add ADDRESS[/PREFIXLEN]]
                [del ADDRESS[/PREFIXLEN]]
                [[-]broadcast [ADDRESS]] [[-]pointopoint [ADDRESS]]
                [netmask ADDRESS] [dstaddr ADDRESS]
                [hw ether ADDRESS] [metric NN] [mtu NN]
                [[-]trailers] [[-]arp] [[-]allmulti]
                [multicast] [[-]promisc] [txqueuelen NN] [[-]dynamic]
                [up|down] ...

    insmod
        insmod FILE [SYMBOL=VALUE]...

        Load kernel module

    ionice
        ionice [-c 1-3] [-n 0-7] [-p PID] [PROG]

        Change I/O priority and class

                -c      Class. 1:realtime 2:best-effort 3:idle
                -n      Priority

    kill
        kill [-l] [-SIG] PID...

        Send a signal (default: TERM) to given PIDs

                -l      List all signal names and numbers

    killall
        killall [-l] [-q] [-SIG] PROCESS_NAME...

        Send a signal (default: TERM) to given processes

                -l      List all signal names and numbers
                -q      Don't complain if no processes were killed

    klogd
        klogd [-c N] [-n]

        Kernel logger

                -c N    Print to console messages more urgent than prio N (1-8)
                -n      Run in foreground

    less
        less [-ENh~] [FILE]...

        View FILE (or stdin) one screenful at a time

                -E      Quit once the end of a file is reached
                -N      Prefix line number to each line
                -~      Suppress ~s displayed past EOF

    ln  ln [OPTIONS] TARGET... LINK|DIR

        Create a link LINK or DIR/TARGET to the specified TARGET(s)

                -s      Make symlinks instead of hardlinks
                -f      Remove existing destinations
                -n      Don't dereference symlinks - treat like normal file
                -b      Make a backup of the target (if exists) before link operation
                -S suf  Use suffix instead of ~ when making backup files
                -T      2nd arg must be a DIR
                -v      Verbose

    logger
        logger [OPTIONS] [MESSAGE]

        Write MESSAGE (or stdin) to syslog

                -s      Log to stderr as well as the system log
                -t TAG  Log using the specified tag (defaults to user name)
                -p PRIO Priority (numeric or facility.level pair)

    login
        login [-p] [-h HOST] [[-f] USER]

        Begin a new session on the system

                -f      Don't authenticate (user already authenticated)
                -h HOST Host user came from (for network logins)
                -p      Preserve environment

    ls  ls [-1AaCxdLHRFplinsehrSXvctu] [-w WIDTH] [FILE]...

        List directory contents

                -1      One column output
                -a      Include entries which start with .
                -A      Like -a, but exclude . and ..
                -C      List by columns
                -x      List by lines
                -d      List directory entries instead of contents
                -L      Follow symlinks
                -H      Follow symlinks on command line
                -R      Recurse
                -p      Append / to dir entries
                -F      Append indicator (one of */=@|) to entries
                -l      Long listing format
                -i      List inode numbers
                -n      List numeric UIDs and GIDs instead of names
                -s      List allocated blocks
                -e      List full date and time
                -h      List sizes in human readable format (1K 243M 2G)
                -r      Sort in reverse order
                -S      Sort by size
                -X      Sort by extension
                -v      Sort by version
                -c      With -l: sort by ctime
                -t      With -l: sort by mtime
                -u      With -l: sort by atime
                -w N    Assume the terminal is N columns wide
                --color[={always,never,auto}]   Control coloring

    lsmod
        lsmod

        List the currently loaded kernel modules

    md5sum
        md5sum [FILE]...

        Print MD5 checksums

    mkdir
        mkdir [OPTIONS] DIRECTORY...

        Create DIRECTORY

                -m MODE Mode
                -p      No error if exists; make parent directories as needed

    mkdosfs
        mkdosfs [-v] [-n LABEL] BLOCKDEV [KBYTES]

        Make a FAT32 filesystem

                -v      Verbose
                -n LBL  Volume label

    mkfifo
        mkfifo [-m MODE] NAME

        Create named pipe

                -m MODE Mode (default a=rw)

    mkfs.vfat
        mkfs.vfat [-v] [-n LABEL] BLOCKDEV [KBYTES]

        Make a FAT32 filesystem

                -v      Verbose
                -n LBL  Volume label

    mknod
        mknod [-m MODE] NAME TYPE MAJOR MINOR

        Create a special file (block, character, or pipe)

                -m MODE Creation mode (default a=rw)
        TYPE:
                b       Block device
                c or u  Character device
                p       Named pipe (MAJOR and MINOR are ignored)

    mkswap
        mkswap [-L LBL] BLOCKDEV [KBYTES]

        Prepare BLOCKDEV to be used as swap partition

                -L LBL  Label

    modprobe
        modprobe [-alrqvsD] MODULE [SYMBOL=VALUE]...

                -a      Load multiple MODULEs
                -l      List (MODULE is a pattern)
                -r      Remove MODULE (stacks) or do autoclean
                -q      Quiet
                -v      Verbose
                -s      Log to syslog
                -D      Show dependencies

    more
        more [FILE]...

        View FILE (or stdin) one screenful at a time

    mount
        mount [OPTIONS] [-o OPT] DEVICE NODE

        Mount a filesystem. Filesystem autodetection requires /proc.

                -a              Mount all filesystems in fstab
                -i              Don't run mount helper
                -r              Read-only mount
                -t FSTYPE[,...] Filesystem type(s)
                -O OPT          Mount only filesystems with option OPT (-a only)
        -o OPT:
                loop            Ignored (loop devices are autodetected)
                [a]sync         Writes are [a]synchronous
                [no]atime       Disable/enable updates to inode access times
                [no]diratime    Disable/enable atime updates to directories
                [no]relatime    Disable/enable atime updates relative to modification time
                [no]dev         (Dis)allow use of special device files
                [no]exec        (Dis)allow use of executable files
                [no]suid        (Dis)allow set-user-id-root programs
                [r]shared       Convert [recursively] to a shared subtree
                [r]slave        Convert [recursively] to a slave subtree
                [r]private      Convert [recursively] to a private subtree
                [un]bindable    Make mount point [un]able to be bind mounted
                [r]bind         Bind a file or directory [recursively] to another location
                move            Relocate an existing mount point
                remount         Remount a mounted filesystem, changing flags
                ro              Same as -r

        There are filesystem-specific -o flags.

    mv  mv [-fin] SOURCE DEST or: mv [-fin] SOURCE... DIRECTORY

        Rename SOURCE to DEST, or move SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY

                -f      Don't prompt before overwriting
                -i      Interactive, prompt before overwrite
                -n      Don't overwrite an existing file

    nc  nc [-iN] [-wN] [-f FILE|IPADDR PORT] [-e PROG]

        Open a pipe to IP:PORT or FILE

                -w SEC  Connect timeout
                -i SEC  Delay interval for lines sent
                -f FILE Use file (ala /dev/ttyS0) instead of network
                -e PROG Run PROG after connect

    netstat
        netstat [-ral] [-tuwx] [-enWp]

        Display networking information

                -r      Routing table
                -a      All sockets
                -l      Listening sockets
                        Else: connected sockets
                -t      TCP sockets
                -u      UDP sockets
                -w      Raw sockets
                -x      Unix sockets
                        Else: all socket types
                -e      Other/more information
                -n      Don't resolve names
                -W      Wide display
                -p      Show PID/program name for sockets

    nice
        nice [-n ADJUST] [PROG ARGS]

        Change scheduling priority, run PROG

                -n ADJUST       Adjust priority by ADJUST

    nohup
        nohup PROG ARGS

        Run PROG immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty

    nslookup
        nslookup [HOST] [SERVER]

        Query the nameserver for the IP address of the given HOST optionally
        using a specified DNS server

    ntpd
        ntpd [-dnqNwl -I IFACE] [-S PROG] [-p PEER]...

        NTP client/server

                -d      Verbose
                -n      Do not daemonize
                -q      Quit after clock is set
                -N      Run at high priority
                -w      Do not set time (only query peers), implies -n
                -S PROG Run PROG after stepping time, stratum change, and every 11 mins
                -p PEER Obtain time from PEER (may be repeated)
                        If -p is not given, 'server HOST' lines
                        from /etc/ntp.conf are used
                -l      Also run as server on port 123
                -I IFACE Bind server to IFACE, implies -l

    pidof
        pidof [NAME]...

        List PIDs of all processes with names that match NAMEs

    ping
        ping [OPTIONS] HOST

        Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts

                -4,-6           Force IP or IPv6 name resolution
                -c CNT          Send only CNT pings
                -s SIZE         Send SIZE data bytes in packets (default:56)
                -t TTL          Set TTL
                -I IFACE/IP     Use interface or IP address as source
                -W SEC          Seconds to wait for the first response (default:10)
                                (after all -c CNT packets are sent)
                -w SEC          Seconds until ping exits (default:infinite)
                                (can exit earlier with -c CNT)
                -q              Quiet, only display output at start
                                and when finished
                -p              Pattern to use for payload

    ping6
        ping6 [OPTIONS] HOST

        Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts

                -c CNT          Send only CNT pings
                -s SIZE         Send SIZE data bytes in packets (default:56)
                -I IFACE/IP     Use interface or IP address as source
                -q              Quiet, only display output at start
                                and when finished
                -p              Pattern to use for payload

    printf
        printf FORMAT [ARG]...

        Format and print ARG(s) according to FORMAT (a-la C printf)

    ps  ps

        Show list of processes

                w       Wide output
                T       Show threads

    pscan
        pscan [-cb] [-p MIN_PORT] [-P MAX_PORT] [-t TIMEOUT] [-T MIN_RTT]
        HOST

        Scan a host, print all open ports

                -c      Show closed ports too
                -b      Show blocked ports too
                -p      Scan from this port (default 1)
                -P      Scan up to this port (default 1024)
                -t      Timeout (default 5000 ms)
                -T      Minimum rtt (default 5 ms, increase for congested hosts)

    pwd pwd

        Print the full filename of the current working directory

    rm  rm [-irf] FILE...

        Remove (unlink) FILEs

                -i      Always prompt before removing
                -f      Never prompt
                -R,-r   Recurse

    rmdir
        rmdir [OPTIONS] DIRECTORY...

        Remove DIRECTORY if it is empty

                -p      Include parents

    rmmod
        rmmod [-wfa] [MODULE]...

        Unload kernel modules

                -w      Wait until the module is no longer used
                -f      Force unload
                -a      Remove all unused modules (recursively)

    route
        route [{add|del|delete}]

        Edit kernel routing tables

                -n      Don't resolve names
                -e      Display other/more information
                -A inet{6}      Select address family

    sed sed [-inrE] [-f FILE]... [-e CMD]... [FILE]... or: sed [-inrE] CMD
        [FILE]...

                -e CMD  Add CMD to sed commands to be executed
                -f FILE Add FILE contents to sed commands to be executed
                -i[SFX] Edit files in-place (otherwise sends to stdout)
                        Optionally back files up, appending SFX
                -n      Suppress automatic printing of pattern space
                -r,-E   Use extended regex syntax

        If no -e or -f, the first non-option argument is the sed command
        string. Remaining arguments are input files (stdin if none).

    sendmail
        sendmail [OPTIONS] [RECIPIENT_EMAIL]...

        Read email from stdin and send it

        Standard options:

                -t              Read additional recipients from message body
                -f SENDER       For use in MAIL FROM:<sender>. Can be empty string
                                Default: -auUSER, or username of current UID
                -o OPTIONS      Various options. -oi implied, others are ignored
                -i              -oi synonym. implied and ignored

        Busybox specific options:

                -v              Verbose
                -w SECS         Network timeout
                -H 'PROG ARGS'  Run connection helper
                                Examples:
                                -H 'exec openssl s_client -quiet -tls1 -starttls smtp
                                        -connect smtp.gmail.com:25' <email.txt
                                        [4<username_and_passwd.txt | -auUSER -apPASS]
                                -H 'exec openssl s_client -quiet -tls1
                                        -connect smtp.gmail.com:465' <email.txt
                                        [4<username_and_passwd.txt | -auUSER -apPASS]
                -S HOST[:PORT]  Server
                -auUSER         Username for AUTH LOGIN
                -apPASS         Password for AUTH LOGIN

        Other options are silently ignored; -oi -t is implied

    seq seq [-w] [-s SEP] [FIRST [INC]] LAST

        Print numbers from FIRST to LAST, in steps of INC. FIRST, INC
        default to 1.

                -w      Pad to last with leading zeros
                -s SEP  String separator

    setconsole
        setconsole [-r] [DEVICE]

        Redirect system console output to DEVICE (default: /dev/tty)

                -r      Reset output to /dev/console

    sh  sh [-/+OPTIONS] [-/+o OPT]... [-c 'SCRIPT' [ARG0 [ARGS]] / FILE
        [ARGS]]

        Unix shell interpreter

    sleep
        sleep [N]...

        Pause for a time equal to the total of the args given, where each
        arg can have an optional suffix of (s)econds, (m)inutes, (h)ours, or
        (d)ays

    sort
        sort [-nrugMcszbdfiokt] [-o FILE] [-k
        start[.offset][opts][,end[.offset][opts]] [-t CHAR] [FILE]...

        Sort lines of text

                -o FILE Output to FILE
                -c      Check whether input is sorted
                -b      Ignore leading blanks
                -f      Ignore case
                -i      Ignore unprintable characters
                -d      Dictionary order (blank or alphanumeric only)
                -g      General numerical sort
                -M      Sort month
                -n      Sort numbers
                -t CHAR Field separator
                -k N[,M] Sort by Nth field
                -r      Reverse sort order
                -s      Stable (don't sort ties alphabetically)
                -u      Suppress duplicate lines
                -z      Lines are terminated by NUL, not newline

    strings
        strings [-afo] [-n LEN] [FILE]...

        Display printable strings in a binary file

                -a      Scan whole file (default)
                -f      Precede strings with filenames
                -n LEN  At least LEN characters form a string (default 4)
                -o      Precede strings with decimal offsets

    stty
        stty [-a|g] [-F DEVICE] [SETTING]...

        Without arguments, prints baud rate, line discipline, and deviations
        from stty sane

                -F DEVICE       Open device instead of stdin
                -a              Print all current settings in human-readable form
                -g              Print in stty-readable form
                [SETTING]       See manpage

    swapoff
        swapoff [-a] [DEVICE]

        Stop swapping on DEVICE

                -a      Stop swapping on all swap devices

    swapon
        swapon [-a] [-e] [DEVICE]

        Start swapping on DEVICE

                -a      Start swapping on all swap devices
                -e      Silently skip devices that do not exist

    sync
        sync

        Write all buffered blocks to disk

    syslogd
        syslogd [OPTIONS]

        System logging utility (this version of syslogd ignores
        /etc/syslog.conf)

                -n              Run in foreground
                -R HOST[:PORT]  Log to HOST:PORT (default PORT:514)
                -L              Log locally and via network (default is network only if -R)
                -O FILE         Log to FILE (default: /var/log/messages, stdout if -)
                -s SIZE         Max size (KB) before rotation (default:200KB, 0=off)
                -b N            N rotated logs to keep (default:1, max=99, 0=purge)
                -l N            Log only messages more urgent than prio N (1-8)
                -S              Smaller output

    tail
        tail [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

        Print last 10 lines of each FILE (or stdin) to stdout. With more
        than one FILE, precede each with a filename header.

                -f              Print data as file grows
                -c [+]N[kbm]    Print last N bytes
                -n N[kbm]       Print last N lines
                -n +N[kbm]      Start on Nth line and print the rest
                -q              Never print headers
                -s SECONDS      Wait SECONDS between reads with -f
                -v              Always print headers
                -F              Same as -f, but keep retrying

        N may be suffixed by k (x1024), b (x512), or m (x1024^2).

    tar tar -[cxtzjhvO] [-X FILE] [-T FILE] [-f TARFILE] [-C DIR] [FILE]...

        Create, extract, or list files from a tar file

        Operation:

                c       Create
                x       Extract
                t       List
                f       Name of TARFILE ('-' for stdin/out)
                C       Change to DIR before operation
                v       Verbose
                z       (De)compress using gzip
                j       (De)compress using bzip2
                O       Extract to stdout
                h       Follow symlinks
                X       File with names to exclude
                T       File with names to include

    tee tee [-ai] [FILE]...

        Copy stdin to each FILE, and also to stdout

                -a      Append to the given FILEs, don't overwrite
                -i      Ignore interrupt signals (SIGINT)

    telnet
        telnet HOST [PORT]

        Connect to telnet server

    telnetd
        telnetd [OPTIONS]

        Handle incoming telnet connections

                -l LOGIN        Exec LOGIN on connect
                -f ISSUE_FILE   Display ISSUE_FILE instead of /etc/issue
                -K              Close connection as soon as login exits
                                (normally wait until all programs close slave pty)
                -p PORT         Port to listen on
                -b ADDR[:PORT]  Address to bind to
                -F              Run in foreground
                -i              Inetd mode

    top top [-b] [-nCOUNT] [-dSECONDS] [-m]

        Provide a view of process activity in real time. Read the status of
        all processes from /proc each SECONDS and display a screenful of
        them. Keys:

                N/M/P/T: show CPU usage, sort by pid/mem/cpu/time
                S: show memory
                R: reverse sort
                H: toggle threads, 1: toggle SMP
                Q,^C: exit

        Options:

                -b      Batch mode
                -n N    Exit after N iterations
                -d N    Delay between updates
                -m      Same as 's' key

    touch
        touch [-c] FILE...

        Update the last-modified date on the given FILE[s]

                -c      Don't create files

    tr  tr [-cds] STRING1 [STRING2]

        Translate, squeeze, or delete characters from stdin, writing to
        stdout

                -c      Take complement of STRING1
                -d      Delete input characters coded STRING1
                -s      Squeeze multiple output characters of STRING2 into one character

    traceroute
        traceroute [-46FIlnrv] [-f 1ST_TTL] [-m MAXTTL] [-q PROBES] [-p
        PORT] [-t TOS] [-w WAIT_SEC] [-g GATEWAY] [-s SRC_IP] [-i IFACE] [-z
        PAUSE_MSEC] HOST [BYTES]

        Trace the route to HOST

                -4,-6   Force IP or IPv6 name resolution
                -F      Set don't fragment bit
                -I      Use ICMP ECHO instead of UDP datagrams
                -l      Display TTL value of the returned packet
                -n      Print numeric addresses
                -r      Bypass routing tables, send directly to HOST
                -v      Verbose
                -f N    First number of hops (default 1)
                -m N    Max number of hops
                -q N    Number of probes per hop (default 3)
                -p N    Base UDP port number used in probes
                        (default 33434)
                -s IP   Source address
                -i IFACE Source interface
                -t N    Type-of-service in probe packets (default 0)
                -w SEC  Time to wait for a response (default 3)
                -g IP   Loose source route gateway (8 max)

    traceroute6
        traceroute6 [-nrv] [-m MAXTTL] [-q PROBES] [-p PORT] [-t TOS] [-w
        WAIT_SEC] [-s SRC_IP] [-i IFACE] HOST [BYTES]

        Trace the route to HOST

                -n      Print numeric addresses
                -r      Bypass routing tables, send directly to HOST
                -v      Verbose
                -m N    Max number of hops
                -q N    Number of probes per hop (default 3)
                -p N    Base UDP port number used in probes
                        (default 33434)
                -s IP   Source address
                -i IFACE Source interface
                -t N    Type-of-service in probe packets (default 0)
                -w SEC  Time wait for a response (default 3)

    udhcpc
        udhcpc [-fbqRB] [-t N] [-T SEC] [-A SEC/-n] [-i IFACE] [-s PROG] [-p
        PIDFILE] [-oC] [-r IP] [-V VENDOR] [-F NAME] [-x OPT:VAL]... [-O
        OPT]...

                -i,--interface IFACE    Interface to use (default eth0)
                -s,--script PROG        Run PROG at DHCP events (default )
                -p,--pidfile FILE       Create pidfile
                -B,--broadcast          Request broadcast replies
                -t,--retries N          Send up to N discover packets (default 3)
                -T,--timeout SEC        Pause between packets (default 3)
                -A,--tryagain SEC       Wait if lease is not obtained (default 20)
                -n,--now                Exit if lease is not obtained
                -q,--quit               Exit after obtaining lease
                -R,--release            Release IP on exit
                -f,--foreground         Run in foreground
                -b,--background         Background if lease is not obtained
                -S,--syslog             Log to syslog too
                -r,--request IP         Request this IP address
                -o,--no-default-options Don't request any options (unless -O is given)
                -O,--request-option OPT Request option OPT from server (cumulative)
                -x OPT:VAL              Include option OPT in sent packets (cumulative)
                                        Examples of string, numeric, and hex byte opts:
                                        -x hostname:bbox - option 12
                                        -x lease:3600 - option 51 (lease time)
                                        -x 0x3d:0100BEEFC0FFEE - option 61 (client id)
                -F,--fqdn NAME          Ask server to update DNS mapping for NAME
                -V,--vendorclass VENDOR Vendor identifier (default 'udhcp VERSION')
                -C,--clientid-none      Don't send MAC as client identifier
        Signals:

                USR1    Renew current lease
                USR2    Release current lease

    umount
        umount [OPTIONS] FILESYSTEM|DIRECTORY

        Unmount file systems

                -r      Try to remount devices as read-only if mount is busy
                -l      Lazy umount (detach filesystem)
                -f      Force umount (i.e., unreachable NFS server)
                -D      Don't free loop device even if it has been used

    uname
        uname [-amnrspvio]

        Print system information

                -a      Print all
                -m      The machine (hardware) type
                -n      Hostname
                -r      Kernel release
                -s      Kernel name (default)
                -p      Processor type
                -v      Kernel version
                -i      The hardware platform
                -o      OS name

    unzip
        unzip [-lnopq] FILE[.zip] [FILE]... [-x FILE...] [-d DIR]

        Extract FILEs from ZIP archive

                -l      List contents (with -q for short form)
                -n      Never overwrite files (default: ask)
                -o      Overwrite
                -p      Print to stdout
                -q      Quiet
                -x FILE Exclude FILEs
                -d DIR  Extract into DIR

    uptime
        uptime

        Display the time since the last boot

    usleep
        usleep N

        Pause for N microseconds

    vconfig
        vconfig COMMAND [OPTIONS]

        Create and remove virtual ethernet devices

                add             IFACE VLAN_ID
                rem             VLAN_NAME
                set_flag        IFACE 0|1 VLAN_QOS
                set_egress_map  VLAN_NAME SKB_PRIO VLAN_QOS
                set_ingress_map VLAN_NAME SKB_PRIO VLAN_QOS
                set_name_type   NAME_TYPE

    vi  vi [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

        Edit FILE

                -c CMD  Initial command to run ($EXINIT also available)
                -R      Read-only
                -H      List available features

    watch
        watch [-n SEC] [-t] PROG ARGS

        Run PROG periodically

                -n      Loop period in seconds (default 2)
                -t      Don't print header

    wc  wc [-cmlwL] [FILE]...

        Count lines, words, and bytes for each FILE (or stdin)

                -c      Count bytes
                -m      Count characters
                -l      Count newlines
                -w      Count words
                -L      Print longest line length

    wget
        wget [-csq] [-O FILE] [-Y on/off] [-P DIR] [-U AGENT] [-T SEC]
        URL...

        Retrieve files via HTTP or FTP

                -s      Spider mode - only check file existence
                -c      Continue retrieval of aborted transfer
                -q      Quiet
                -P DIR  Save to DIR (default .)
                -T SEC  Network read timeout is SEC seconds
                -O FILE Save to FILE ('-' for stdout)
                -U STR  Use STR for User-Agent header
                -Y      Use proxy ('on' or 'off')

    which
        which [COMMAND]...

        Locate a COMMAND

    whois
        whois [-h SERVER] [-p PORT] NAME...

        Query WHOIS info about NAME

                -h,-p   Server to query

    zcat
        zcat [FILE]...

        Decompress to stdout

LIBC NSS
    GNU Libc (glibc) uses the Name Service Switch (NSS) to configure the
    behavior of the C library for the local environment, and to configure
    how it reads system data, such as passwords and group information. This
    is implemented using an /etc/nsswitch.conf configuration file, and using
    one or more of the /lib/libnss_* libraries. BusyBox tries to avoid using
    any libc calls that make use of NSS. Some applets however, such as login
    and su, will use libc functions that require NSS.

    If you enable CONFIG_USE_BB_PWD_GRP, BusyBox will use internal functions
    to directly access the /etc/passwd, /etc/group, and /etc/shadow files
    without using NSS. This may allow you to run your system without the
    need for installing any of the NSS configuration files and libraries.

    When used with glibc, the BusyBox 'networking' applets will similarly
    require that you install at least some of the glibc NSS stuff (in
    particular, /etc/nsswitch.conf, /lib/libnss_dns*, /lib/libnss_files*,
    and /lib/libresolv*).

    Shameless Plug: As an alternative, one could use a C library such as
    uClibc. In addition to making your system significantly smaller, uClibc
    does not require the use of any NSS support files or libraries.

MAINTAINER
    Denis Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>

AUTHORS
    The following people have contributed code to BusyBox whether they know
    it or not. If you have written code included in BusyBox, you should
    probably be listed here so you can obtain your bit of eternal glory. If
    you should be listed here, or the description of what you have done
    needs more detail, or is incorrect, please send in an update.

    Emanuele Aina <emanuele.aina@tiscali.it> run-parts

    Erik Andersen <andersen@codepoet.org>

        Tons of new stuff, major rewrite of most of the
        core apps, tons of new apps as noted in header files.
        Lots of tedious effort writing these boring docs that
        nobody is going to actually read.

    Laurence Anderson <l.d.anderson@warwick.ac.uk>

        rpm2cpio, unzip, get_header_cpio, read_gz interface, rpm

    Jeff Angielski <jeff@theptrgroup.com>

        ftpput, ftpget

    Edward Betts <edward@debian.org>

        expr, hostid, logname, whoami

    John Beppu <beppu@codepoet.org>

        du, nslookup, sort

    Brian Candler <B.Candler@pobox.com>

        tiny-ls(ls)

    Randolph Chung <tausq@debian.org>

        fbset, ping, hostname

    Dave Cinege <dcinege@psychosis.com>

        more(v2), makedevs, dutmp, modularization, auto links file,
        various fixes, Linux Router Project maintenance

    Jordan Crouse <jordan@cosmicpenguin.net>

        ipcalc

    Magnus Damm <damm@opensource.se>

        tftp client insmod powerpc support

    Larry Doolittle <ldoolitt@recycle.lbl.gov>

        pristine source directory compilation, lots of patches and fixes.

    Glenn Engel <glenne@engel.org>

        httpd

    Gennady Feldman <gfeldman@gena01.com>

        Sysklogd (single threaded syslogd, IPC Circular buffer support,
        logread), various fixes.

    Karl M. Hegbloom <karlheg@debian.org>

        cp_mv.c, the test suite, various fixes to utility.c, &c.

    Daniel Jacobowitz <dan@debian.org>

        mktemp.c

    Matt Kraai <kraai@alumni.cmu.edu>

        documentation, bugfixes, test suite

    Stephan Linz <linz@li-pro.net>

        ipcalc, Red Hat equivalence

    John Lombardo <john@deltanet.com>

        tr

    Glenn McGrath <bug1@iinet.net.au>

        Common unarchiving code and unarchiving applets, ifupdown, ftpgetput,
        nameif, sed, patch, fold, install, uudecode.
        Various bugfixes, review and apply numerous patches.

    Manuel Novoa III <mjn3@codepoet.org>

        cat, head, mkfifo, mknod, rmdir, sleep, tee, tty, uniq, usleep, wc, yes,
        mesg, vconfig, make_directory, parse_mode, dirname, mode_string,
        get_last_path_component, simplify_path, and a number trivial libbb routines

        also bug fixes, partial rewrites, and size optimizations in
        ash, basename, cal, cmp, cp, df, du, echo, env, ln, logname, md5sum, mkdir,
        mv, realpath, rm, sort, tail, touch, uname, watch, arith, human_readable,
        interface, dutmp, ifconfig, route

    Vladimir Oleynik <dzo@simtreas.ru>

        cmdedit; xargs(current), httpd(current);
        ports: ash, crond, fdisk, inetd, stty, traceroute, top;
        locale, various fixes
        and irreconcilable critic of everything not perfect.

    Bruce Perens <bruce@pixar.com>

        Original author of BusyBox in 1995, 1996. Some of his code can
        still be found hiding here and there...

    Tim Riker <Tim@Rikers.org>

        bug fixes, member of fan club

    Kent Robotti <robotti@metconnect.com>

        reset, tons and tons of bug reports and patches.

    Chip Rosenthal <chip@unicom.com>, <crosenth@covad.com>

        wget - Contributed by permission of Covad Communications

    Pavel Roskin <proski@gnu.org>

        Lots of bugs fixes and patches.

    Gyepi Sam <gyepi@praxis-sw.com>

        Remote logging feature for syslogd

    Linus Torvalds <torvalds@transmeta.com>

        mkswap, fsck.minix, mkfs.minix

    Mark Whitley <markw@codepoet.org>

        grep, sed, cut, xargs(previous),
        style-guide, new-applet-HOWTO, bug fixes, etc.

    Charles P. Wright <cpwright@villagenet.com>

        gzip, mini-netcat(nc)

    Enrique Zanardi <ezanardi@ull.es>

        tarcat (since removed), loadkmap, various fixes, Debian maintenance

    Tito Ragusa <farmatito@tiscali.it>

        devfsd and size optimizations in strings, openvt and deallocvt.

    Paul Fox <pgf@foxharp.boston.ma.us>

        vi editing mode for ash, various other patches/fixes

    Roberto A. Foglietta <me@roberto.foglietta.name>

        port: dnsd

    Bernhard Reutner-Fischer <rep.dot.nop@gmail.com>

        misc

    Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>

        initial e2fsprogs, printenv, setarch, sum, misc

    Jie Zhang <jie.zhang@analog.com>

        fixed two bugs in msh and hush (exitcode of killed processes)

